Why are some domains (ie .tv, etc) so expensive?

Certain domains such as .tv are expensive.  There are commercial interests behind these. 

For example Tuvalu is a low population country with relatively little income.  Their governing body decided to use the popular .tv top level domain as a source of income to help their economy.  The recent popularity of .tv domains has allowed them to release domains with higher than normal cost.

Other countries may have similar reasons for releasing their top level domain's for international purchase. though at a cost.  You may also find some have restrictions on name server locations and hosting requirements.

Additionally some countries have further requirements when purchasing domain names.  For example a .com.au or similar .au domains required an ABN, ACN or organisation/association identification.  The use of these domains is also monitored by the Australian registry.

Related categories: Domain Names